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185 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
185 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
# Temporal API
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Temporal 是一个表示日期时间的全新 API，对目前的 Date API 的诸多问题进行修正。
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## Temporal.Now
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`Temporal.Now`表示当前系统的准确时间。
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- Temporal.Now.instant()- 获取当前系统准确时间
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- Temporal.Now.timeZoneId()- 获取当前系统时区
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- Temporal.Now.zonedDateTimeISO()- 获取系统时区和 ISO-8601 日历中的当前日期和挂钟时间
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- Temporal.Now.plainDateISO()- 获取系统时区和 ISO-8601 日历中的当前日期
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- Temporal.Now.plainTimeISO()- 获取系统时区和 ISO-8601 日历中的当前挂钟时间
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- Temporal.Now.plainDateTimeISO()- 与上面相同，但返回 ISO-8601 日历中的日期时间
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```javascript
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// 返回 UTC 的当前时间
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Temporal.Now.instant().toString()
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// 返回某个时区的当前日期时间
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Temporal.Now.zonedDateTimeISO('Asia/Shanghai').toString()
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// 返回 ISO 格式当前日期时间
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Temporal.Now.plainDateTimeISO().toString()
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// 返回 ISO 格式的当前时间，不含日期
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Temporal.Now.plainTimeISO().toString()
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```
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下面的例子是获取指定时区的当前时间。
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```javascript
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const now = Temporal.Now.zonedDateTimeISO('America/New_York');
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console.log(now.toString());
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```
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## Temporal.Instant
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`Temporal.Instant`表示某个固定的时间。
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```javascript
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const instant = Temporal.Instant.from('1969-07-20T20:17Z');
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instant.toString(); // => '1969-07-20T20:17:00Z'
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instant.epochMilliseconds; // => -14182980000
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```
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## Temporal.ZonedDateTime
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`Temporal.ZonedDateTime`表示某个时区的时间。
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```javascript
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const zonedDateTime = Temporal.ZonedDateTime.from({
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timeZone: 'America/Los_Angeles',
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year: 1995,
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month: 12,
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day: 7,
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hour: 3,
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minute: 24,
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second: 30,
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millisecond: 0,
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microsecond: 3,
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nanosecond: 500
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}); // => 1995-12-07T03:24:30.0000035-08:00[America/Los_Angeles]
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```
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## Temporal.PlainDate
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`Temporal.PlainDate`表示与时区无关的日期。
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```javascript
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const date = Temporal.PlainDate.from({ year: 2006, month: 8, day: 24 }); // => 2006-08-24
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date.year; // => 2006
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date.inLeapYear; // => false
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date.toString(); // => '2006-08-24'
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```
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下面的例子是计算某个日期以后的时间。
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```javascript
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const date = Temporal.PlainDate.from('2024-01-01');
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const newDate = date.add({ days: 10 });
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console.log(newDate.toString()); // Outputs '2024-01-11'
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```
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## Temporal.PlainTime
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`Temporal.PlainTime`表示与时区无关的某个时点。
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```javascript
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const time = Temporal.PlainTime.from({
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hour: 19,
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minute: 39,
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second: 9,
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millisecond: 68,
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microsecond: 346,
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nanosecond: 205
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}); // => 19:39:09.068346205time.second; // => 9
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time.toString(); // => '19:39:09.068346205'
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```
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## Temporal.PlainDateTime
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`Temporal.PlainDateTime`表示时区无关的日期时间。
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```javascript
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const dateTime = Temporal.PlainDateTime.from({
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year: 1995,
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month: 12,
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day: 7,
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hour: 15
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}); // => 1995-12-07T15:00:00
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const dateTime1 = dateTime.with({
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minute: 17,
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second: 19
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}); // => 1995-12-07T15:17:19
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```
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## Temporal.PlainYearMonth
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`Temporal.PlainYearMonth`表示不含日期的年月。
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```javascript
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const yearMonth = Temporal.PlainYearMonth.from({ year: 2020, month: 10 }); // => 2020-10
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yearMonth.daysInMonth; // => 31
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yearMonth.daysInYear; // => 366
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```
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## Temporal.PlainMonthDay
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`Temporal.PlainMonthDay`表示没有年份的月和日。
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下面是计算生日的例子。
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```javascript
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const birthday = Temporal.PlainMonthDay.from("12-15");
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// 或者写成
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// const birthday = Temporal.PlainMonthDay.from({ month: 12, day: 15 })
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const birthdayIn2030 = birthday.toPlainDate({ year: 2030 });
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birthdayIn2030.toString() // 2030-12-15
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birthdayIn2030.dayOfWeek // 7
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```
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## Temporal.Duration
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`Temporal.Duration`表示时长。
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```javascript
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const duration = Temporal.Duration.from({
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hours: 130,
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minutes: 20
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});
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duration.total({ unit: 'second' }); // => 469200
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```
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## Temporal.TimeZone
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`Temporal.TimeZone`表示某个时区。
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```javascript
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const timeZone = Temporal.TimeZone.from('Africa/Cairo');
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timeZone.getInstantFor('2000-01-01T00:00'); // => 1999-12-31T22:00:00Z
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timeZone.getPlainDateTimeFor('2000-01-01T00:00Z'); // => 2000-01-01T02:00:00
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timeZone.getPreviousTransition(Temporal.Now.instant()); // => 2014-09-25T21:00:00Z
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timeZone.getNextTransition(Temporal.Now.instant()); // => null
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```
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## Temporal.Calendar
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`Temporal.Calendar`表示某个日历系统。
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```javascript
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const cal = Temporal.Calendar.from('iso8601');
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const date = cal.dateFromFields({ year: 1999, month: 12, day: 31 }, {});
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date.monthsInYear; // => 12
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date.daysInYear; // => 365
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```
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## 参考链接
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- [Temporal documentation](https://tc39.es/proposal-temporal/docs/)
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